Physics confrontation drone measure and countermeasures
Technology today, while impressive, is developing tactics and techniques for future terrorist attacks. The most prescient technology at the moment is drones, which will enable future terrorist attacks. Drones have the ability to provide stand-offs, which could allow terrorists to conduct multiple strikes almost simultaneously, quickly amplifying their overall impact.
Terrorist attacks are designed to create a climate of fear in order to influence the target audience - civilians or governments - to force or impose political change. The massive increase in the low-cost number of UAVs in form factor, functionality, ease of access, and ease of operation will make them the weapon of choice for future terrorists.
The first-tier failure of most commercially purchased systems are built-in software limitations, such as geofencing for GPS-enabled drones. With geofencing, GPS-enabled drones are restricted from entering or being used in restricted areas.
However, the geofencing database is managed by the companies that make the drones, so it's usually limited to critical facilities and military bases. Geofencing is easy to bypass, whether the owner doesn't upgrade the firmware or the attacker hacks the device. Wrapping aluminum foil around an onboard GPS antenna can actually render geofencing ineffective, but it also limits most drone piloting options.
During RF interference, communication between the drone and the pilot or GPS is disrupted. RFI systems vary in size and portability, from rifle-sized jammers to jammer gps mounted on vehicles or buildings.
These systems emit radio signals that exceed GPS signals or the operator's transmitter. Interrupting this signal causes many drones to take action in the event of a lost signal response, either landing or, if enabled, returning to a pre-programmed position. RFI systems vary widely in scope and effectiveness. Most electronic rifle-style systems require line-of-sight; they also require the operator to point the "rifle" at the drone while jamming the signal.
Larger vehicle and building systems are capable of all-round interference. When targeting and blocking unknown drone platforms, RF jamming techniques have shown generally mixed results. These mixed results are based on the fact that each commercial company builds drones to its own specifications, and the end user can further customize the system, including choosing the radio frequencies it uses. This personality makes the confrontation largely specific to each drone.
Another risk of using large systems is that their broad overall output can interfere with all other systems operating using 2.4 to 5 GHz and GPS signals. In urban areas, radio frequency interference can affect home security systems, Wi-Fi networks, car locks, and GPS navigation. In addition, technologies to combat radio frequency interference are already commercially viable. Amazon, for example, has filed a patent to protect its proposed drone delivery fleet from radio frequency interference.
From radio frequency interference to physical countermeasures, most options come in the form of networks. Nets are more beneficial than physical impactors or bird bombs because they create a larger contact area with moving targets and are therefore more likely to entangle and disable the aerial drone's rotating blades.
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